The concept of radicalization was embraced by the French public authorities in the mid-2010s through various action plans aiming at detecting potential or proven cases of radicalization before the commission of jihadist-inspired terrorist acts. This institutionalization of the fight against radicalization relied on the territorial outlets of the State and on existing public policies (national education, child welfare, etc.). This thesis primarily investigates specialized prevention organizations, a sector at the crossroads of social labour and child welfare, that were called upon to detect so-called radicalized profiles, because of their presence in areas considered priorities by city policies. This work deals with the semantic-discursive characteristics of the lexeme radicalization in institutional and political speeches, as well as in social work speeches. The analysis uses two types of materials: 680 institutional speeches produced by the French government between 2013 and 2018 (containing the lemma radicalization), and ten semi-structured interviews conducted as part of an investigation of specialized prevention educators of the Occitanie Region. This freely accessible corpus constitutes an unprecedented resource for linguists, sociologists and political scientists, but also for students in social careers, as well as social workers wishing to analyse further the programmes of meaning and uses of the notion of radicalization. On the socio-discursive level, the contrastive study of these two corpora makes it possible to observe the production of a public policy and its reception within a sector that is directly concerned. From a linguistic point of view, it is a matter of developing and formalizing a process for analysing the notion of radicalization. The proposed model is based on an in-depth study of work in the sociology of social movements which aims to describe the mechanisms specific to radical trajectories, a synthesis of which is presented in the first part of the thesis. Three major observations ...
The concept of radicalization was embraced by the French public authorities in the mid-2010s through various action plans aiming at detecting potential or proven cases of radicalization before the commission of jihadist-inspired terrorist acts. This institutionalization of the fight against radicalization relied on the territorial outlets of the State and on existing public policies (national education, child welfare, etc.). This thesis primarily investigates specialized prevention organizations, a sector at the crossroads of social labour and child welfare, that were called upon to detect so-called radicalized profiles, because of their presence in areas considered priorities by city policies. This work deals with the semantic-discursive characteristics of the lexeme radicalization in institutional and political speeches, as well as in social work speeches. The analysis uses two types of materials: 680 institutional speeches produced by the French government between 2013 and 2018 (containing the lemma radicalization), and ten semi-structured interviews conducted as part of an investigation of specialized prevention educators of the Occitanie Region. This freely accessible corpus constitutes an unprecedented resource for linguists, sociologists and political scientists, but also for students in social careers, as well as social workers wishing to analyse further the programmes of meaning and uses of the notion of radicalization. On the socio-discursive level, the contrastive study of these two corpora makes it possible to observe the production of a public policy and its reception within a sector that is directly concerned. From a linguistic point of view, it is a matter of developing and formalizing a process for analysing the notion of radicalization. The proposed model is based on an in-depth study of work in the sociology of social movements which aims to describe the mechanisms specific to radical trajectories, a synthesis of which is presented in the first part of the thesis. Three major observations ...
The concept of radicalization was embraced by the French public authorities in the mid-2010s through various action plans aiming at detecting potential or proven cases of radicalization before the commission of jihadist-inspired terrorist acts. This institutionalization of the fight against radicalization relied on the territorial outlets of the State and on existing public policies (national education, child welfare, etc.). This thesis primarily investigates specialized prevention organizations, a sector at the crossroads of social labour and child welfare, that were particularly called upon to detect so-called radicalized profiles, because of their presence in areas considered priorities by city policies.This work deals with the semantic-discursive characteristics of the lexeme radicalization in institutional and political speeches, as well as in social work speeches.The analysis uses two types of materials: 680 institutional speeches produced by the French government between 2013 and 2018 (containing the lemma radicalization), and ten semi-structured interviews conducted as part of an investigation of specialized prevention educators of the Occitanie Region. This freely accessible corpus constitutes an unprecedented resource for linguists, sociologists and political scientists, but also for students in social careers, as well as social workers wishing to analyse further the programmes of meaning and uses of the notion of radicalization.On the socio-discursive level, the contrastive study of these two corpora makes it possible to observe the production of a public policy and its reception within a sector that is directly concerned. From a linguistic point of view, it is a matter of developing and formalizing a process for analysing the notion of radicalization. The proposed model is based on an in-depth study of work in the sociology of social movements which aims to describe the mechanisms specific to radical trajectories, a synthesis of which is presented in the first part of the thesis. Three major ...
The concept of radicalization was embraced by the French public authorities in the mid-2010s through various action plans aiming at detecting potential or proven cases of radicalization before the commission of jihadist-inspired terrorist acts. This institutionalization of the fight against radicalization relied on the territorial outlets of the State and on existing public policies (national education, child welfare, etc.). This thesis primarily investigates specialized prevention organizations, a sector at the crossroads of social labour and child welfare, that were particularly called upon to detect so-called radicalized profiles, because of their presence in areas considered priorities by city policies.This work deals with the semantic-discursive characteristics of the lexeme radicalization in institutional and political speeches, as well as in social work speeches.The analysis uses two types of materials: 680 institutional speeches produced by the French government between 2013 and 2018 (containing the lemma radicalization), and ten semi-structured interviews conducted as part of an investigation of specialized prevention educators of the Occitanie Region. This freely accessible corpus constitutes an unprecedented resource for linguists, sociologists and political scientists, but also for students in social careers, as well as social workers wishing to analyse further the programmes of meaning and uses of the notion of radicalization.On the socio-discursive level, the contrastive study of these two corpora makes it possible to observe the production of a public policy and its reception within a sector that is directly concerned. From a linguistic point of view, it is a matter of developing and formalizing a process for analysing the notion of radicalization. The proposed model is based on an in-depth study of work in the sociology of social movements which aims to describe the mechanisms specific to radical trajectories, a synthesis of which is presented in the first part of the thesis. Three major observations emerge: (i) radicalization is a complex socio-political notion whose meaning escapes stabilization, (ii) radicalization is an intrinsically processual concept, (iii) radicalization is a multifactorial and multidimensional notion.Based on these findings, I designed an ad hoc linguistic analysis corpus that integrates three axes. On the first axis, I retrace the manifestations of the semantic and discursive instability of the notion of radicalization. I question, on the one hand, the meaning in language of the word radicalization, and, on the other hand, its discursive status of 'nomination'. For this purpose I probe into both referential and linguistic facets carried by the noun. The second axis questions the dynamics of the radicalization process and its representations in the two sources of discourse under study. The analysis emphasizes the different stages of the process, as well as the mechanisms of passage between these stages, modelled with a topologically inspired framework. The third axis focuses on the causal representations of radicalization. This representation sheds light on the causal factors that were judged decisive by institutional words and by social workers in order to explain the entering of individuals, their progression and their maintenance in radical engagement.More broadly, this work argues for a better knowledge of linguistic methods, insufficiently mobilized, and still too little known in other social sciences. It offers tools that shed light on the meaning and uses of complex and composite notions, notably through the contextualized study of their semantic profiles and the discursive processes that update them. This original interpretive path can be reproduced, in particular for disciplines whose object is to describe and model, from their discursive inscription, concepts related to socially sensitive themes. ; Le concept de radicalisation a été investi par les pouvoirs publics français au mitan des années 2010 à travers des plans d'action visant à détecter des cas potentiels ou avérés de radicalisation avant la commission d'actes terroristes d'inspiration djihadiste. Cette institutionnalisation de la lutte contre la radicalisation s'est appuyée sur les relais territoriaux de l'État et sur des politiques publiques existantes (Éducation Nationale, Aide sociale à l'enfance…). Dans ce travail je me suis intéressée aux associations de prévention spécialisée, un secteur au croisement du travail social et de l'Aide sociale à l'enfance, sollicité dans la détection de profils dits radicalisés en raison de sa présence sur des territoires classés prioritaires par les politiques de la ville.La thèse s'intéresse à la mise en discours du lexème radicalisation dans les discours institutionnels et politiques et dans les discours du travail social, selon une perspective sémantico-discursive.L'analyse utilise deux matériaux : 680 discours institutionnels produits par l'exécutif français entre 2013 et 2018 (contenant le lemme radicalisation), et dix entretiens semi-directifs menés dans le cadre d'une enquête auprès d'éducateurs de prévention spécialisée de la Région Occitanie. Ce corpus constitue une ressource inédite pour les linguistes, sociologues et politistes, mais aussi étudiants en carrières sociales et travailleurs sociaux désireux d'approfondir les programmes de sens et les usages de la notion de radicalisation.Sur le plan socio-discursif, l'étude contrastive de ces deux corpus permet d'observer la production d'une politique publique et sa réception au sein d'un secteur directement concerné. Sur le plan langagier, il s'agit d'élaborer et de formaliser une démarche d'analyse de la notion de radicalisation. La modélisation proposée repose sur l'étude approfondie des travaux en sociologie des mouvements sociaux qui cherchent à décrire les mécanismes propres aux trajectoires radicales. Trois grands constats émergent : (i) la radicalisation est une notion sociopolitique complexe dont le sens échappe à la stabilisation, (ii) la radicalisation est un concept intrinsèquement processuel, (iii) la radicalisation est une notion pluricausale et multidimensionnelle. Partant de ces constats, j'ai conçu un parcours d'analyse linguistique ad hoc qui intègre trois axes. Sur le premier axe, on retrace les manifestations de l'instabilité sémantique et discursive de la notion de radicalisation. Je m'interroge d'une part sur le sens en langue du mot radicalisation, et d'autre part à son statut discursif de nomination. De manière originale, on sonde à cet effet les facettes tant référentielles que langagières portées par la nomination. Le deuxième axe questionne les dynamiques du processus de radicalisation. L'analyse met l'accent sur les différentes étapes du processus, ainsi que sur les mécanismes de passage entre ces étapes, modélisés au moyen d'un schème d'inspiration topologique. Le troisième axe place la focale sur les représentations causales de la radicalisation. Je mets en lumière les facteurs causaux jugés déterminants par la parole institutionnelle et par les travailleurs sociaux pour expliquer l'entrée des individus, leur progression et leur maintien dans l'engagement radical. Plus largement, ce travail plaide pour une meilleure connaissance des méthodes linguistiques, insuffisamment mobilisées, et encore trop peu connues des autres sciences humaines et sociales. Il propose des outils qui permettent d'éclairer le sens et les usages des notions complexes et composites, grâce notamment à l'étude contextualisée de leurs profils sémantiques et des procédés discursifs qui les actualisent. Ce parcours interprétatif original peut être reproduit, en particulier pour les disciplines dont l'objet est de décrire et de modéliser, à partir de leur inscription discursive, des concepts liés à des sujets socialement sensibles.
The concept of radicalization was embraced by the French public authorities in the mid-2010s through various action plans aiming at detecting potential or proven cases of radicalization before the commission of jihadist-inspired terrorist acts. This institutionalization of the fight against radicalization relied on the territorial outlets of the State and on existing public policies (national education, child welfare, etc.). This thesis primarily investigates specialized prevention organizations, a sector at the crossroads of social labour and child welfare, that were called upon to detect so-called radicalized profiles, because of their presence in areas considered priorities by city policies. This work deals with the semantic-discursive characteristics of the lexeme radicalization in institutional and political speeches, as well as in social work speeches. The analysis uses two types of materials: 680 institutional speeches produced by the French government between 2013 and 2018 (containing the lemma radicalization), and ten semi-structured interviews conducted as part of an investigation of specialized prevention educators of the Occitanie Region. This freely accessible corpus constitutes an unprecedented resource for linguists, sociologists and political scientists, but also for students in social careers, as well as social workers wishing to analyse further the programmes of meaning and uses of the notion of radicalization. On the socio-discursive level, the contrastive study of these two corpora makes it possible to observe the production of a public policy and its reception within a sector that is directly concerned. From a linguistic point of view, it is a matter of developing and formalizing a process for analysing the notion of radicalization. The proposed model is based on an in-depth study of work in the sociology of social movements which aims to describe the mechanisms specific to radical trajectories, a synthesis of which is presented in the first part of the thesis. Three major observations ...
International audience ; Si l'emploi de la notion de radicalisation a évolué de façon significative dans les discours politiques et médiatiques, sa signification demeure pourtant floue et teintée d'ambiguïté, obscurcissant plutôt qu'elle n'éclaire pour les uns, ou à l'origine de confusion entre des phénomènes divers pour d'autres. Cette notion pose également certaines difficultés méthodologiques pour les chercheurs, puisqu'il s'agit, afin de « mieux comprendre comment se transforment les manières de penser, de faire, de se regrouper, qui font la radicalisation », de « rendre compte et d'articuler différentes temporalités : celle de la radicalisation en train de se faire, incertaine, chaotique, composite » et celle de la radicalisation effective, c'est-à-dire une « radicalisation rationalisée, homogénéisée, idéologisée et mise en récit » notamment par les acteurs du processus eux-mêmes, ou encore par les chercheurs et politiques (Collovald et Gaïti 2006). Cette étude linguistique se propose de rendre compte de ces « différentes temporalités », en modélisant les dynamiques (on parlera d'étapes et de frontières) qui structurent le processus de radicalisation. On s'appuie pour cela sur des travaux issus des sciences sociales, et notamment de la sociologie des mouvements sociaux d'inspiration interactionniste, dont l'objet est de décrire et de modéliser différentes formes d'engagement et de désengagement radical, et sur le modèle sémantique de la quasi-topologie. L'objectif de cette modélisation est de rendre compte des représentations associées à ces dynamiques, dans un genre de discours particulier : les discours politiques de l'exécutif français produits entre 2013 et 2018.
International audience ; Si l'emploi de la notion de radicalisation a évolué de façon significative dans les discours politiques et médiatiques, sa signification demeure pourtant floue et teintée d'ambiguïté, obscurcissant plutôt qu'elle n'éclaire pour les uns, ou à l'origine de confusion entre des phénomènes divers pour d'autres. Cette notion pose également certaines difficultés méthodologiques pour les chercheurs, puisqu'il s'agit, afin de « mieux comprendre comment se transforment les manières de penser, de faire, de se regrouper, qui font la radicalisation », de « rendre compte et d'articuler différentes temporalités : celle de la radicalisation en train de se faire, incertaine, chaotique, composite » et celle de la radicalisation effective, c'est-à-dire une « radicalisation rationalisée, homogénéisée, idéologisée et mise en récit » notamment par les acteurs du processus eux-mêmes, ou encore par les chercheurs et politiques (Collovald et Gaïti 2006). Cette étude linguistique se propose de rendre compte de ces « différentes temporalités », en modélisant les dynamiques (on parlera d'étapes et de frontières) qui structurent le processus de radicalisation. On s'appuie pour cela sur des travaux issus des sciences sociales, et notamment de la sociologie des mouvements sociaux d'inspiration interactionniste, dont l'objet est de décrire et de modéliser différentes formes d'engagement et de désengagement radical, et sur le modèle sémantique de la quasi-topologie. L'objectif de cette modélisation est de rendre compte des représentations associées à ces dynamiques, dans un genre de discours particulier : les discours politiques de l'exécutif français produits entre 2013 et 2018.
